How is 'topically' defined in medication administration?

In the context of medication administration, "topically" refers to the application of a substance directly onto a specific area of the skin or mucous membranes. This method is intended to target local effects rather than systemic circulation. Topical medications can come in various forms such as creams, ointments, gels, or patches, and they are used to treat conditions right at the site of application, providing relief or therapeutic effects without needing to enter the bloodstream.

The other methods described involve different modes of administration: injecting into the bloodstream refers to intravenous methods, ingesting pertains to oral medication, and injections into the muscle refer to intramuscular delivery. Each of these routes has distinct uses, mechanisms of action, and considerations, which differ significantly from the localized approach of topical administration. Understanding these definitions is crucial for selecting the appropriate route depending on the treatment required for the patient.